Body in white or BIW refers to the stage in automotive design or automobile manufacture in which a car body sheet metal components have been welded together but before moving parts like doors, hoods, fenders, the motor, glass, seats, electronics and more have been added and before painting.
In car design, the Body in White phase refers to the phase in which the final contours of the car body are worked out, in preparation for ordering of the expensive production stamping die. Extensive computer simulations of crashworthiness, manufacturability, and automotive aerodynamics are required before a clay model from the design studio can be converted into a Body in White ready for production.
The first patent of vehicle body is design related to safety was published October 1952 by Bela Bareny. In his patent, he described how the structural strength should be greatest in the vehicle compartment and that the front and rear of the vehicle should be less resistant to crushing and be capable of absorbing energy during a crash.
Design of the vehicle body has two main patterns:
1st pattern include three box configurations that is compartment for engine, passenger seat and cargo. It is also known as sedan/saloon car.
2nd pattern include only two box configuration compartment that is engine bay and passenger seat. The 2nd pattern also known as compact car.
The same car model can be offered with different mechanical internals such as a choice of several engine sizes, automatic or manual transmissions, different suspension, braking or steering systems and etc, all of these options considered fairly interchangeable on that specific body frame. It is common for any specific car model to carry additional badges or letterings to announce the mechanical options incorporated on it.
A safety package is a set of functional features of a vehicle that are intended to reduce a crash or enhance survivability or injury reduction. Many items once included at extra cost are now standard items, being mandated by legislation or rule. Some elements that may be included in a modern safety package:
• Acoustic back-up alarm
• Heads up instrumentation
• Heads up infra-red or low light video night vision augmentation
• Seat belt tensioners (pyrotechnic)
• Side curtain air bags
• Swiveling headlights that respond to the steering wheel input.
• Gas discharge projector headlamps
• Video imaging to the rear for assisting in vehicle back-up
• Active headrests, which electrically extend toward the person sitting in the seat when the vehicle deems this useful, therefore more effectively cushioning the head during sharp braking maneouver or during a crash most likely in combination with airbag deployment.
Published by:
Muhammad Zulhafiz Bin Murad
54270209041
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